This article describes the SharePoint 2010 records center… a SharePoint template intended “[…] for records management. Records managers can configure the routing table to direct incoming files to specific locations. The site also lets you manage whether records can be deleted or modified after they are added to the repository.”
You can find more descriptions of SharePoint templates at:
The records center site template is available for
SharePoint 2010
Screenshots
Here are some screenshots where you can see how the records center looks:

Common tasks
If you need to do some common tasks as a site member or site owner please have a look at the following tasks including possible differences between SharePoint Foundation 2010 and SharePoint Server 2010:
SharePoint template functionality
The following site features are enabled:
- Content Organizer
This is the feature that allows you to move content submitted to the records center based on rules into libraries or folders.
- E-mail Integration with Content Organizer
Allows the content organizer to accept emails.
- Hold and eDiscovery
Allows you to suspend the disposition of documents if needed.
- Metadata Navigation and Filtering
A list can be configured to use meta data for navigation.
The following site collection features are enabled:
- Document ID Service
Assigns IDs to documents to retrieve them independently of their storage location.
- Document Sets
Allows you to manage multiple documents as one working product.
- In Place Records Management
- Library and Folder Based Retention
The records center gives you some options used by the records management inside the site settings:

If you want to learn more about records management and the records center in SharePoint 2010 please see the resources below since the contain a lot of useful information.
SharePoint template development
If you want to use a custom design you can use Deploying Branding Solutions for SharePoint 2010 Sites Using Sandboxed Solutions to brand your records center.
Resources
Summary
Records management is a science for itself… so if you need to get in touch with the subject I highly recommend the links above.
Please take a look at another SharePoint template.